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VARIATION IN THE PROTEIN LEVEL OF DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS OF PIGEON PEA (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh)

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: VARIATION IN THE PROTEIN LEVEL OF DIFFERENT ACCESSIONS OF PIGEON PEA (Cajanus cajan L. Millspaugh) Authors: OLAIYA, Aderonke Eunice; Agbolade, J. O. Abstract: Ten accessions of Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) obtained from National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB), Ibadan, Oyo state, were assessed for their genetic and phylogenic relatedness through electrophoretic analysis of the seed proteins. 0.2g of the seeds were weighed and macerated with mortar and pestle in 0.2M phosphate buffer containing 0.133M of acid (NaH2PO4) and 0.067 of base (Na2HPO4) at Ph 6.5.Protein characterization with standard marker revealed that the seeds of the 10 accessions contained proteins (B.S.A, Oval Albumin, Pepsinogen, Trypsinogen and Lysozyme) with molecular weights ranging from 66 and above kda, 45 – 65 kda, 44 – 33 kda, 32-24 kda and 23-14 kda respectively. Description: All the accessions had at least two proteins and two major bands in common. The study revealed intraspecific similarities and genetic diversity in protein contents among the ten accessions of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan).

ESTABLISHING A METHOD FOR THE MASS PROPAGATION OF Piper guineense (Schumach) VIA TISSUE CULTURE

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: ESTABLISHING A METHOD FOR THE MASS PROPAGATION OF Piper guineense (Schumach) VIA TISSUE CULTURE Authors: Ogechi Tope, OKAFOR; PROF. S.V.A., UZOCHUKWU Abstract: Piper guineense (Schumach) has great potentials for economic exploration because of the proven use of its medicinal content in human health. The plant material is usually obtained from thick forests by women who have to walk long distances in the bush to reach it. A technique that improves its propagation and domestication, such as tissue culture, becomes necessary. This study was therefore initiated to develop a method for the mass propagation of Piper guineense seedlings using in vitro regeneration. Plants react differently to media concentrations and constituents for their in vitro regeneration. Comparative growth of Piper guneensee inoculated on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium supplemented with some growth regulators were investigated. Mature nodes were collected from the medicinal garden of National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB) Ibadan. Nodes of the species were inoculated onto MS media. Description: The MS media was supplemented with the following concentrations of growth regulators 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0mg/l. BAP, the same concentration for KIN and 0.05mg/l of NAA for all replicate. After two weeks of inoculation it was observed that, the plant let with BAP 0.50mg/l +NAA 0.05mg/l were found contamination-free and sprouted, while other treatments showed contamination including control. Furthermore, after 7 days the sprouted, plantlets with treatment of BAP 0.50mg/l +NAA 0.05mg/l were also contaminated, thereby yielding no positive result. Many repeats of the experiment also yielded contaminated products.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VEGETATIVE AND FRUIT MOPHOLOGY OF FOUR VARIETIES OF OKRA (Abelmoschus escululentus(L.) moench)

Thu, 01 Oct 2015 00:00:00 GMT

Title: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VEGETATIVE AND FRUIT MOPHOLOGY OF FOUR VARIETIES OF OKRA (Abelmoschus escululentus(L.) moench) Authors: MONSURAT OMOTOLA, IYIOLA; Prof. B.O., Akinyele Abstract: Comparative study of vegetative and fruit morphology of four varieties of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.)Moench was investigated in the screen house of the Department of plant science and biotechnology, Federal University of Oye-Ekiti. Two seeds of each okra variety were sown in a 5L plastic bucket, each treatment was replicated five times. Seedlings were thinned to one plant per stand four weeks after sowing. The growing plants were adequately watered at an interval of three days. At the stage of flower and fruit production, the leaf length, leaf width, plant height, length of leaf stalk, leaf stalk girth, stem girth were measured with a tape graduated in centimeters. Stem thickness was measured with meter rule and the number of leaves per stand was counted. Pods were harvested at full maturity and the pod length was measured using a tape graduated in centimeters. Pod thickness was measured with meter rule; the number of seeds per pod was counted. Description: Pod weight and seed weight were taken using a weighing balance. Data collected were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using the Duncan multiple range test (DMRT). Seven (7) of the eleven characters investigated were found to be significantly different that is they are not stable while the remaining four (4) has no significant difference indicating their stability

Hydro-priming improved germination and vigour of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seeds

Sun, 01 Jan 2012 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Hydro-priming improved germination and vigour of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) seeds Authors: Adekoya, Modinat A.; Daniel, I. O.; Adetumbi, J. A. Abstract: Kenaf is grown for fibre in many African countries and propagated by seed, thus biomass and economic yields depend on seed vigour and seedling stands establishment. However, kenaf seeds are reported to have poor physiological quality consequently limiting biomass productivity. In this study, seed invigoration treatment with various durations of hydro-priming including 0 hour (control), 24, 48 and 78 hours was investigated in 12 accessions of kenaf seeds. Data were collected on seed germination at 3 and 7 days after sowing (DAS), seedling length and weight upon emergence, while germination rate and a seed vigour index was calculated from the data. The data were subjected to the PROC GLM procedure of SAS statistical package. The results showed significant effects of hydro-priming and genotype on all the seed viability and vigour variables (P<0.05 and P<0.01). Mean viability of control seed lots at 7 DAS was 8.67% and significant differences were found between hydro-primed seeds and control seed lots for all the seed quality variables. Seeds hydro-primed for 24 hours had above 100% germination. Interactive effects of genotype and hydro-priming treatments showed that early germination and cumulative germination consistently increased from 6% in control seed lots to 31% in hydro-primed seed lots for 4 genotypes. Seed vigour of 9 genotypes (75% of experimented accessions) was also improved with seed hydro-priming for 24 hours in almost all the accessions. The results suggest that hydro-priming for 24 hours optimised seed germination and vigour and is therefore recommended for kenaf seed invigoration treatment before planting. Description: Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is a warm season annual fiber crop used as a cordage crop to produce twine, rope, and sackcloth derived from its stem. Kenaf is an alternative raw material for newsprint paper offering ecological advantage over paper production from trees. Moreover, kenaf is a candidate eco-friendly crop for phyto-remediation of marginal and polluted soils through it’s capacity for sorption of heavy metals 1, 2. Kenaf is also a source of edible oil from its seeds.

Agronomic and Ecological Evaluation on Growing Water-Saving and Drought-Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Through Drip Irrigation

Wed, 01 Jan 2014 00:00:00 GMT

Title: Agronomic and Ecological Evaluation on Growing Water-Saving and Drought-Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Through Drip Irrigation Authors: Adekoya, Modinat A.; Liu, Zaochang; Vered, Eli Abstract: A field demonstration trial comparing the growth status, yield ability and water use efficiency of drought-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties and normal paddy rice variety under drip irrigation and paddy irrigation was carried out for two years in Shanghai, China. Under drip irrigation, both inbred and hybrid water-saving and drought resistant rice (WDR) varieties showed better yield capacity than paddy rice varieties tested. WDR varieties under drip irrigation attained more than 95% of the yield level that is achieved in paddy field, while the paddy varieties under the same drip condition reached only about 75%.The methane gas emission was obviously decreased under drip irrigation condition, while the emission of other greenhouse gas like nitrous oxide or carbon dioxide was not observed significant difference between drip and paddy irrigation. It could be concluded that it is practicable to grow water saving and drought resistant rice through drip irrigation. Drip irrigation maintained a competitive grain yield and water productivity, and greatly reduced pollution risk to the environment. Considering the conservative amount of fertilizer application, less than the amount of fertilization in normal paddy field, the yield potential of rice could be improved by increasing the amount of fertilizer as top application in drip irrigation system. Description: Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important food crops in the world which is mainly grown in Eastern and Southern Asia. It is grown in a wide range of environments and productive in many situations where other crops would fail. Rice-growing environments are based on their hydrological characteristics which include irrigated, rain fed lowland, upland. Water - nature’s gift to mankind is not unlimited and free forever. The amount of water present in the universe is only about 1520 million cubic kilometers, 97% is ocean and sea water, 2% is frozen arctic waters and only 1% is water in lakes, rivers and underground water, which is portable water for direct use to humans (Shaker, 2004). However rice farming consumes about 50% of water resources used in all economic activities (Fan et al., 1996; FAO, 2010; World Bank, 2010), which is taken as the largest consumer of water resources.