http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/90 Journal Articles 2026-04-16T05:41:19Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/1289 Title: Counselling and Psychotherapy: Is There Any Difference? Authors: Osagu, Judith; Omolayo, Benjamin Abstract: Counselling and psychotherapy are two fields that are often viewed to be the same and used interchangeably. The different definitions on both counselling and psychotherapy are evidences to this fact Efforts will be made in this paper to highlight the different definitions, show the differences and similarities between the two. Examine briefly the various types and approaches of counselling and psychotherapy and their historical background Description: So often people ask or assume counselling and psychotherapy to be the same. It is very difficult to define counselling and psychotherapy because there is little agreement on the definitions and also on whether there exists any difference between the two. Counselling is a process by which a counsellor provides information and education about a situation and helps the client to an informed choice of what is best to do in their situation. It is a helping process that involves a one to one communication that is aimed at meeting specific needs of the individual (FMHN, 2010). Psychotherapy on the other hand is a process focussed on helping an individual or individuals to heal and learn constructive ways to deal with the problems or issues with the individual's life (Grohel, 2012). It is generally recommended when an individual is grappling with life, relationship or work issue or a specific mental health concern and these issues or concerns are causing the individual a great deal of pain or upset for longer than a few days. Psychotherapy is a frequently used general term in describing the process of treating psychological disorders and mental distress. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/177 Title: Mind, Body, World: Foundations of Cognitive Science Authors: Michael, Dawson R.W Jr Abstract: The writing of this book was the major objective of a sabbatical kindly granted to me by the Faculty of Arts at the University of Alberta for the 2010–2011 aca- demic year. My research is supported by research grants awarded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. I would like to especially thank my wife Nancy Digdon for her comments and support during writing. This book is ded- icated to my two graduate school mentors, Albert Katz and Zenon Pylyshyn. This book is also dedicated to their academic grandchildren: all of the students that I have had the pleasure of supervising in the Biological Computation Project at the University of Alberta. Description: This book is written with a particular audience in mind: the students that I see on a day-to-day basis in my classes. Such students are often senior undergraduates who have already been exposed to one of the core disciplines related to cognitive science. Others are graduate students with a deeper exposure to one of these disciplines. One goal of writing this book is to provide a set of ideas to such students that will help elaborate their understanding of their core discipline and show its relationship to cognitive science. Another is to provide a solid introduction to the foundational ideas of the cognitive sciences. I will admit from the outset that this book is much more about the ideas in cognitive science than it is about the experimental methodologies, the extant data, or the key facts in the field. This is not to say that these topics are unimportant. My perspective is simply that sometimes an emphasis on the empirical results from dif- ferent content areas of cognitive science at times obscures the “bigger picture.” In my opinion, such results might indicate quite clearly what cognitive science is about, but do not reveal much about what cognitive science is. Fortunately, the student of cognitive science has the option of examining a growing array of introductory texts to compensate for the kinds of omissions that the approach taken in the current book necessitates. 2013-08-01T00:00:00Z