http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/799 2026-04-16T04:58:45Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/1184 Title: INFLUENCE OF GALLIC ACID ON α-AMYLASE AND α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF ACARBOSE Authors: OGUNBADEJO, MARIAM DAMILOLA; Ganiyu, Oboh Abstract: Type 2 diabetes mellitus global heath and economic burden. Acarbose is an antidiabetic drug, which acts by inhibiting alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase; while gallic acid is a simple phenolic acid that is widespread in plant foods and beverages such as tea and wine.This study therefore, sought to investigate the influence of gallic acid on α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of acarbose final concentration of 25µM each. Thereafter, mixtures of the samples gallic acid; 75% acarbose + 25% gallic acid; 25% acarbose + 75% gallic acid) The results showed that the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% gallic acid showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory effect, while 75% acarbose + 25% gallic acid showed highest α- amylase inhibitory effect. Furthermore, all the samples caused the inhibition of Fe lipid peroxidation acarbose and 50% gallic acid causing the highest reduction in the malondialdehyde content. In addition, all the samples showed antioxidant properties radicals scavenging abilities, and Fe 2+ chelating ability acid with acarbose could be employed in the management of T2DM with the comparative advantage of possible reduction of the side effects of acarbose; nevertheless the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% gallic acid seems the best combinatory therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Description: Inhibition of key enzymes associated with the hydrolysis of carbohydrate has been reported to be involved in the management of type 2 diabetes. Several diabetic complications, which have been noted to result from oxidative stress can be controlled by antioxidants. Therefore, the combinations of gallic acid with acarbose could be employed in the management of T2DM with the comparative advantage of possible reduction of the side effects of acarbose; nevertheless the combination of 50% acarbose and 50% gallic acid seems the best combinatory therapy for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/1183 Title: ANTIMALARIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTS OF METHANOL AND FLAVONOID-RICH EXTRACTS OF Adansonia digitata STEM BARK ON Plasmodium berghei-INFECTED MICE Authors: OLATUNDE, MOSES DAMILOLA; Komolafe, K Abstract: Adansonia digitata has popular ethnomedicinal application in the treatment of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study sought to investigate the antimalarial and antioxidant effects of methanol and flavonoid-rich extracts of the stem bark on Plasmodium berghei-infected mice in vivo. Thirty-five male mice, weighing 18-20 g and randomly allocated into seven groups of five animals each were used. Group 1, which served as the positive control, was pretreated with 1 ml/kg of the vehicle mg/kg b.wt of the standard drugs: chloroquine and arthemter/lumfantrine respectively, groups 4 and 5 were pretreated with 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg methanol extract of A. digitata respectively while groups 6 and 7 were administered 200mg/kg and 400 mg/kg flavonoid-rich extract of A. digitata for five consecutive days before intraperitonial transfection of mice with an inoculum size of 1x 10 7 of P.berghei. Blood was withdrawn from animals for the quantification of packed cell volume and the livers quickly excised to prepare the homogenate used to evaluate the extent of membrane lipid peroxidation and level of reduced glutathione Description: A.digitata has been investigated for its anti-inflammatory properties Caluwe et al., 2010 in the aqueous extract al., 2011) attributed to the presence of various bioactive ingredients 2015-10-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/1072 Title: Hepatoprotective properties of Aqueous Leaf Extract of Persea americana, Mill (Lauraceae), 'Avocado' against CCl4-induced damage in Rats Authors: Brai, Bartholomew; Adisa, Rahmat; Odetola, Adebimpe Abstract: Background: Natural products from plants have received considerable attention in recent years due to their diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidants and hepatoprotective activities. The protective effects of aqueous extract of Persea americana (AEPA) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats was investigated. Materials and Methods: Liver damage was induced in rats by administering a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of CCl4 and olive oil [3 ml/kg, subcutaneously (sc)] after pre-treatment for 7 days with AEPA. Hepatoprotective effects of AEPA was evaluated by estimating the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and levels of total bilirubin (TBL). The effects of AEPA on biomarkers of oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) and antioxidant enzymes namely, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were measured in liver post mitochondrial fraction. Results: AEPA and Reducdyn® showed significant (p<0.05) hepatoprotective activity by decreasing the activities of ALT, AST, ALP and reducing the levels of TBL. The activities of antioxidant enzymes, levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyls were also decreased dose-dependently in the AEPA-treated rats. Pre-treatment with AEPA also decreased the serum levels of glutathione significantly. Conclusion: These data revealed that AEPA possesses significant hepatoprotective effects against CCl4-induced toxicity attributable to its constituent phytochemicals. The mechanism of hepatoprotection seems to be through modulation of antioxidant enzyme system. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/1068 Title: Hypoglycemic and Hypocholesterolemic Potential of Persea americana Leaf Extracts Authors: Brai, Bartholomew; Odetola, Adebimpe; Agomo, Philip Abstract: The effect of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of Persea americana on plasma glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CHOL), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CHOL) in rats was investigated. Albino rats were fed a diet containing 20% groundnut oil, 0.5% cholesterol, and 0.25% cholic acid to induce hypercholesterolemia. They were then treated daily with aqueous or methanolic extract of P. americana leaf (10 mg/kg of body weight) for 8 weeks. There were no significant (P > .05) differences in the overall body weight gain of the hypercholesterolemic rats compared to normal control. Liver to body weight ratio, plasma glucose, total cholesterol (T-CHOL), and LDL-CHOL levels were significantly (P < .05) elevated in rats fed hypercholesterolemic diet compared to normal controls. The administration of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of P. americana induced reductions in plasma glucose (16% and 11%,respectively), T-CHOL (8% and 5%, respectively), and LDL-CHOL (19% and 20%, respectively) in the treated rats compared to the hypercholesterolemic controls. Also, plasma HDL-CHOL concentrations increased by 85% and 68%, respectively, in the aqueous and methanolic extract-treated rats compared to the hypercholesterolemic controls. These results suggest that aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of P. americana lower plasma glucose and influence lipid metabolism in hypercholesterolemic rats with consequent lowering of T-CHOL and LDL-CHOL and a restoration of HDL-CHOL levels. This could represent a protective mechanism against the development of atherosclerosis. 2007-01-01T00:00:00Z