DSpace Collection: Journal Articles
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/74
Journal Articles2024-03-25T04:50:40ZTHE USE OF SAWDUST AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR DOMESTIC COOKING AND AS A MEANS OF REDUCING DEFORESTATION
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2324
Title: THE USE OF SAWDUST AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF ENERGY FOR DOMESTIC COOKING AND AS A MEANS OF REDUCING DEFORESTATION
Authors: BUKOLA O. BOLAJI
Abstract: This paper presents the reports on the utilization of sawdust stove as a way of ameliorating the effect of perennial fuel crisis in Nigeria on domestic cooking and a means of reducing deforestation and subsequent desertification. The performance of the sawdust stove, in terms of cooking duration and specific fuel consumption, was compared with a conventional kerosene stove. Results obtained show that it takes less time and fuel material to cook with the sawdust stove than the kerosene stove.
Description: The emergence of perennial fuel crisis in Nigeria has drawn attention to the need for energy experts to further concentrate on producing viable alternatives and/or complements to kerosene and cooking gas for domestic cooking. Hitherto, the most common sources of energy utilised for domestic cooking in Nigeria have been wood, kerosene and gas (LPG). In some homes electricity is also used. Electricity, even though, pollution free, the supply is erratic and unreliable. Gas burns quite efficiently but it is now expensive and out of reach of the common man (Adegoke, 1999).2005-01-01T00:00:00ZSources of Air Pollution and Strategies for Its Management In The Nigerian Urban Cities
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2323
Title: Sources of Air Pollution and Strategies for Its Management In The Nigerian Urban Cities
Authors: Bolaji, B.O.
Abstract: This study examines sources of air pollution and strategies for its management in the urban cities. Emphasis is laid on industrial air pollution and vehicular emission, which are the major urban air polluters. Various gases that are emitted by industries into the atmosphere near and around dwelling places were analyzed. Also analyzed is the combustion of large quantity of transportation fuels in the urban cities, which releases several contaminants into the atmosphere. These contaminants include carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, oxides of nitrogen, lead and other particulate matter. Various strategies which can be employed for the management of urban air pollution were discussed, covering stack monitoring, changing process operation and cleaning flue gases for industrial emissions, and changing fuel type, removing gross polluters, cleaning vehicle exhaust gases and traffic management for vehicular emissions.
Description: Society‟s ability to cause major changes in the atmosphere, and other elements of the environment, is a recent phenomenon, strongly influenced by demography and technological development[1]. Primitive peoples, for example, being few in number and operating at low energy levels with only basic tools did very little to alter their environment. The characteristically low natural growth rates of the hunting and gathering groups who inhabited the earth in prehistoric time ensured that populations remained small. This combined with their nomadic life-style and the absence of any mechanism other than human muscle by which they could utilize the energy available to them, limited their impact on the environment[2006-01-01T00:00:00ZFlow Design and Collector Performance of a Natural Circulation Solar Water Heater
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2322
Title: Flow Design and Collector Performance of a Natural Circulation Solar Water Heater
Authors: Bukola O. Bolaji
Abstract: This paper presents the design and experimental analysis of flow inside the collector of a natural circulation solar water heater. The water heater was constructed and tested at Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria on Latitude 7.5oN. The results show that the system performance depends very much on both the flow rate through the collector and the incident solar radiation. A typical day analysis of the system shows that collector efficiency is high especially around mid-day when the solar collector receives the highest energy. During the test, the results showed that the system exhibited optimum flow rate of 0.1 kg/s.m2 at a maximum collector efficiency of 68.5%. Also, the average daily efficiency of the system was 57.7% and the maximum water temperature obtained was 83.5oC, while the maximum ambient temperature obtained was 34.5oC.
Description: Heating of water for domestic purposes is a simple and effective way of utilizing solar energy. A solar collector intercepts the incident solar radiation, converts it into heat, and finally transfers this heat to a working fluid for an end use system. The natural or free circulation solar water heating systems are most applicable in smaller installations. These are natural choice for domestic solar hot water systems. The circulation of water between the solar collectors and the heat store is by gravity or thermosyphon action, whereas in the forced convection system, an electric pump is used for the water circulation which adds to the cost, energy consumption and complexity of the system.2006-01-01T00:00:00ZEvaluation of Traditional and Solar Fish Drying Systems Towards Enhancing Fish Storage and Preservation in Nigeria (Abeokuta Local Governments as Case Study)
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2321
Title: Evaluation of Traditional and Solar Fish Drying Systems Towards Enhancing Fish Storage and Preservation in Nigeria (Abeokuta Local Governments as Case Study)
Authors: O. A.Akinola, A.A. Akinyemi; B.O. Bolaji
Abstract: This paper evaluates the traditional and solar fish drying systems in Nigeria. The results reveal that traditional methods still remain the predominant fish processing and drying methods employed in the country. The paper also discusses the advantages of using direct application of solar thermal energy employing some means of collecting solar radiation with the result that elevated temperatures and, in turn, lower relative humidity is achieved for drying fish in developing countries, like Nigeria. The use of solar dryer is an important step toward improving the traditional fish drying technology. Solar dryers can produce well-dried and dust free products. The contact between fish and flies which is virtually impossible to eliminate under traditional technique of fish smoking could be considerably eliminated if solar dryer are used. Three different types of solar dryers for drying fish were reviewed. Emphasis is based on the product quality and the economics of a suitable choice of design of the dryer, for improved drying of the important local fish species; over the local traditional sun-drying and smoking methods in Nigeria.
Description: Solar thermal technology is a technology that is rapidly gaining acceptance as an energy saving measure in both domestic and commercial applications. It is fast becoming an alternative source of energy because of the high rate of depletion of the conventional energy sources. It is preferred to other alternative sources of energy such as wind and shale, because it is abundant, inexhaustible, and non-polluting[2006-01-01T00:00:00ZDesign and Performance Evaluation of a Solar Poultry Egg Incubator
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2320
Title: Design and Performance Evaluation of a Solar Poultry Egg Incubator
Authors: Bukola Olalekan Bolaji
Abstract: In this study, a solar poultry egg incubator was designed, fabricated and tested to evaluate its performance. The incubator consists of a solar collector with built-in thermal storage and incubating chamber of 100 eggs capacity. During the incubating period, average outlet collector temperature of 72.4 oC was obtained on the highest solar radiation day and 51.8 oC was obtained on the lowest solar radiation day. The incubating chamber was maintained throughout the incubating period within a temperature range of 37.0 to 39.5 oC and relative humidity range of 58.0 to 71.5 %. The collector thermal efficiency was found to be 68.7 %. The percentage fertility and hatchability of eggs were 85.0% and 78.8 % respectively.
Description: The continuous rise and competitive demands for fossil fuel necessitate the need for alternative source of renewable energy. In many parts of the world there is a growing awareness that renewable energy has an important role to play in extending technology to farmers in developing countries to increase their productivity. Solar thermal technology is a technology that is rapidly gaining acceptance as an energy saving measure in agriculture application. It is fast becoming an alternative source of energy because of the high rate of depletion of the conventional energy sources. It is preferred to other alternative sources of energy such as wind and shale, because it is abundant, inexhaustible, and non-polluting. It is capable of meeting a significant portion of the world’s future energy needs with minimum of adverse environmental consequence [1-2].2008-01-01T00:00:00ZComputational modelling and simulation of the feasibility of a novel dual purpose solar chimney for power generation and passive ventilation in buildings
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2318
Title: Computational modelling and simulation of the feasibility of a novel dual purpose solar chimney for power generation and passive ventilation in buildings
Authors: Layeni, A.T.; Waheed, M.A.; Adewumi, B.A.; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan
Abstract: This paper presents numerical study and analysis of a novel application of a proposed solar chimney system to help solve the problem of ventilation (thermal comfort) and energy management (inadequate power supply) of buildings in the tropics. The main objective of the study is to determine the feasibility of the proposed system vis-à-vis the airflow rate within the room for adequate ventilation and within the solar chimney for required velocity to power a small size wind turbine. The commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics package FLUENT (ANSYS WORKBENCH 14.5) was used for the simulation. The computational domain consist of a 2-D 4 ×4 m 2 room and solar chimney with varying heights between 5 and 9 m and gap between 0.5 and 1 m. The solar radiation condition with solar heat flux (SHF) of between 200 and 1,000 W/m 2 and ambient wind conditions of no wind and wind speed of 1.0 to 8.0 m/s were simulated. The validation of simulated results with experimental data from previous studies showed conformity with a deviation not more than 2.5%. Results showed that the room mass flow rate increased from 1.0 kg/s with no wind effect to about 30.1 kg/s with induced wind of 1.0 to 8.0 m/s. The air mass flow rate increased from about 0.57 to 0.91 kg/s at chimney height of 5 and 9 m respectively for no wind condition and SHF of 400 W/m 2 . The power outputs obtained from the SC with SHF of 400 W/m 2 for chimney height of 5 and 9 m were 32.8 and 85.2 W/m 2 respectively. The results presented helps layout and establish the fundamentals and system response to temperature and airflow of a solar chimney system used for the combined purpose of passive ventilation and power generation in a building.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZAssessment of Calabash Seed Oil as Biobased Insulating Fluid for Power Transformers
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2317
Title: Assessment of Calabash Seed Oil as Biobased Insulating Fluid for Power Transformers
Authors: Oyelaran, Olantude Ajani; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan; Samuel, O.D.
Abstract: The research on the production of transformer oil from biodegradable oil is the focus of this work. Biobased transformer oil was produced from calabash seed oil. The oil was extracted from the seed, then was purified using a modified Dijkstra and Opstal purification method. After the produced purified oil was degummed. The oil charac¬teristics obtained are: the density - 0.85 g/cm3, boiling point 126°C, specific gravity 0.813, flash point 164°C, cloud point 10°C, pour point 4°C, pH 5.23, saponification value 157 mg KOH/g oil, peroxide value 7.22 meq/g oil, iodine value 52.23 g 100/g oil, free fatty acids 0.072 mg KOH/g oil, acid value 0.142 mg KOH/g oil, kinematic viscosity 8.8 cst, and the dielectric strength 24 kV. The results obtained for the purified calabash oil meet the requirements of ASTM Standards. It was concluded that the purified calabash seed oil can be used in place of the conventional transformer oil because it is easily biodegradable and safe for the environment due to its low acid content.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZPhysics of Fluid Motion
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2316
Title: Physics of Fluid Motion
Authors: Okoye, O.C.; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan2020-01-01T00:00:00ZExperimental analysis of the performance characteristic of an eco-friendly HC600a as a retrofitting refrigerant in a thermal system
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2315
Title: Experimental analysis of the performance characteristic of an eco-friendly HC600a as a retrofitting refrigerant in a thermal system
Authors: Banjo, S.O.
Abstract: The negative influence of refrigerants on the climate and the immediate environment in terms of their higher global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP) has prompted this study. Currently, natural refrigerants are the preferred alternative refrigerants and hydrocarbon is numbered among these natural refrigerants with zero ODP and negligible GWP. In order to improve and enhance the performance of the refrigeration system, the performance characteristics of the system were investigated experimentally using eco-friendly refrigerant HC600a as alternative to HFC134a. In addition, comparisons were made using refrigerant mass charge of 46 g of isobutane (HC600a) and 70 g of conventional refrigerant (HFC134a). Thermodynamic parametric analysis was conducted using electric power consumption, coefficient of performance (COP), cooling load and pull-down time (PDT) for the used mass charges. REFPROP software was applied to capture the thermodynamic properties of the vapour compression system (VCS). The results showed that the COP increased by 32.2 % when using 46g charge of hydrocarbon refrigerant with energy reduction of 4.5 %. Furthermore, the vapour compression system while using 46 g of isobutane (HC600a) attained an evaporating temperature of -21 oC in 60 minutes while 70 g of HFC134a attained the same temperature in 2 hours 15 minutes, which makes HC600a alternative refrigerant to run in the traditional refrigerator.2019-01-01T00:00:00ZExploring Neural Network to Predict Car Tyre Inflation Time and Power Requirement of a Tyre Pressure Control Unit
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2314
Title: Exploring Neural Network to Predict Car Tyre Inflation Time and Power Requirement of a Tyre Pressure Control Unit
Authors: Amosun, S.T.; Samuel, O.D.; Zubairu, P.T.; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan
Abstract: This study used Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the prediction of power required to inflate different tyre sizes and inflation times. ANN is a widely accepted machine learning method that uses past data to predict future trend. An existing database obtained experimentally from a tyre pressure control test rig was optimized using genetic algorithm(GA) which is an optimization tool that can find better subsets of input variables for importing into ANN. The ANN results were compared with the results obtained experimentally. The results show that the model can be implemented in modern day tyre pressure control designs and be used to predict inflation times and power required to inflate different tyre sizes.2019-01-01T00:00:00ZPerformance enhancement using appropriate mass charge of R600a in a developed domestic refrigerator
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2313
Title: Performance enhancement using appropriate mass charge of R600a in a developed domestic refrigerator
Authors: Banjo, S.O.; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan
Abstract: This paper presents performance analysis of a domestic refrigeration system using R600a as refrigerant. Investigation was conducted experimentally to select an appropriate refrigerant mass charge for the system and to compute the cooling system performance characteristics under ambient temperature of 29 oC. The choice of the hydrocarbon refrigerant (R600a) became so imperative due to notable influence of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) on global warming and ozone depletion. UNFCCC and Montreal Protocol regulation have banned the use of halogenated refrigerants in cooling and heating systems. The paper reveals that the power consumed by the system using mass charge of 15 g refrigerant was reduced by 9.3 and 10.9% compared with the 10 and 25 g refrigerant mass charges respectively. In addition, the results show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the refrigeration system while working with 15 g is 24.7 and 20.2% higher than when the system worked with 10 and 25 g refrigerants mass charge respectively. More so, the system attained an evaporator air temperature of -12 oC in 2 hours, which makes 15 g charge refrigerant appropriate for the running of the developed system that has a volume capacity of 68 liters.2019-01-01T00:00:00ZPreparation and Characterization of Calcium Oxide Heterogeneous Catalyst Derived from Guinea Fowl Egg Shell for Biodiesel Synthesis for a Sustainable Future
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2312
Title: Preparation and Characterization of Calcium Oxide Heterogeneous Catalyst Derived from Guinea Fowl Egg Shell for Biodiesel Synthesis for a Sustainable Future
Authors: Oyelaran, Olantude Ajani; Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan; Sanusi, O.M.; Komolafe, O.D.
Abstract: Sustainable development turns out to be more and more central in the last few decades, in view of the fact that valiant steps are essential to guarantee the needs of future generations. The use of renewable sources for producing energy plays an important role to achieve sustainable development. There is a need to focus on non-edible oils for biodiesel production with a view of achieving sustainability. This research was conducted for the purpose of conversion of rubber seeds oil biodiesel via a transesterification with the use of guinea fowl eggshell wastes as raw materials for the preparation of heterogeneous catalyst in the biodiesel production. Proceeding to use, the calcium carbonate (CaCO3 ) content in the waste shell was converted to calcium oxide (CaO) by calcining in a muffle furnace at high temperature of 900 for four hours. The catalytic activity of the catalyst in transesterification of RSO with methanol was evaluated, and the fuel properties of obtained biodiesel were measured. The effect of reaction time, reaction temperature, methanol/oil molar ratio, catalyst loading, agitation speed and reusability of catalyst was also investigated. The experimental result showed that 12:1 M ratio of methanol to oil, 1.5 wt.% catalyst, 64 reaction temperature, 2 hours' reaction time with speed of 250 rpm gave the best results. The CaO catalyst derived from waste calcined guinea fowl sustained a good catalytic activity even after being repeatedly used for 6 cycles with yield around 91%. The results reveal that both waste egg shell and rubber seed oil provides promising prospect for people to access cheap, reliable and clean energy in the future, which is one of the key elements to sustain healthy ecosystems and human life.2019-01-01T00:00:00ZAnalysis of Solid Waste Management in Nigeria Cities: Lagos and Ado-Ekiti as Case Study
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2311
Title: Analysis of Solid Waste Management in Nigeria Cities: Lagos and Ado-Ekiti as Case Study
Authors: Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan; Onipede, A.I.M.
Abstract: The paper focuses on solid waste management in Nigerian cities with particular attention to Lagos and Ado-Ekiti cities. It has critically examined the waste storage methods, frequency of wastes collection and waste disposal methods in both cities. Research findings show that solid waste collection and disposal should be on daily basis in the highly commercialized cities, while in the less commercialized cities, solid waste collection and disposal can be carried out on weekly basis. The waste disposal methods such as open dumps, emptying waste into water bodies which pose great hazard to human, animal and plant lives are commonly practiced in Nigeria, while less hazardous methods such as disposal through incineration and sanitary landfill are less employed.2004-09-01T00:00:00ZSilencer Noise Minimization Using Linear Programming Technique
http://repository.fuoye.edu.ng:80/handle/123456789/2310
Title: Silencer Noise Minimization Using Linear Programming Technique
Authors: Bolaji, Bukola Olalekan; Onipede, A.I.M.
Abstract: This paper presents the process involved in the optimization of vehicle silencer in order to minimize the noise level of the exhaust gases. Various performance parameters of vehicle silencer were optimized using linear programming technique. The results obtained from the optimization process formed the parameters used for the construction of the new silencer. The optimized silencer was tested on selected motor cars and the results obtained revealed that, to the large extent, it is effective in minimizing the car exhaust noise level. An average noise level of 23.3 dB (experimental) was obtained using the optimized silencer as against 40.4 dB, obtained with the unmodified car silencer. The experimental value is however slightly higher than 21.2 dB which is the theoretical value obtained from optimization process. The average percentage of noise reduction is found to be 43.3 % and the process efficiency also is 89.1 %.2005-12-01T00:00:00Z