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Upland rice based intercropping system among farmers in selected villages in Ogun State in South west of Nigeria

2016-05-04T12:45:31Z

Title: Upland rice based intercropping system among farmers in selected villages in Ogun State in South west of Nigeria Authors: Okonji Christopher Abstract: Rapid Rural Appraisals (RRA) were conducted among one hundred and fifty five farmers in rice growing areas of Obafemi/Owode and Ifo Local Government Areas of Ogun State in South-West of Nigeria to investigate farmers’ practices of growing rice in rice/cassava intercropping system in 2007. The farmers in these villages cultivated 2 to 4 farms with an average farm size of about 2 ha. Results from the RRA showed that the farmers have been growing rice for over 21 years. About 31% of the farmers grow WAB 189- B-B-B-6-HB, 19% grow ITA 150 and I8% grow ITA 321 while 11% grow local variety ‘Ofada’. About 58% of the farmers practice intercropping and 41% of them intercrop rice with cassava. As 72% of the farmers introduced their cassava one week after the planting of rice and the most commonly used cassava variety is MS6. Also 10.9% of the farmers intercropped rice with vegetable as 40.6% intercropped the same rice with cassava. Description: Intercropping of crops e.g rice, cassava

Effects of organic and inorganic soil amendments on growth performance of plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.)

2015-09-23T13:11:45Z

Title: Effects of organic and inorganic soil amendments on growth performance of plantain (Musa paradisiaca L.) Authors: Opeyemi Tunde Osundare, Ayodele Anthony Fajinmi* and Christopher John Okonji Abstract: A field experiment was conducted to investigate the comparative effects of organic and inorganic soil amendments on growth and performance of plantain (Musa paradisiaca). The experiment was established in March 2011 and repeated in February 2012. The treatments consisted of nine soil amendments (NPK sole, Jatropha sole, palm kernel cake (PKC) residue sole, Sunshine organo-mineral sole, NPK + Jatropha husk 50:50, Sunshine organo-mineral + Jatropha husk 50:50, PKC residue + NPK 50:50, PKC residue + Sunshine organo-mineral 50:50, and Control) experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design, and replicated thrice. No significant (P < 0.05) difference obtained in the two trials, nevertheless, NPK 15:15:15 produced the highest response to leaf area, leaf numbers and stem girth. Sunshine organo-mineral also showed higher response in stem girth, while the combination of decayed Jatropha husk and NPK fertilizer applied at the ratio of 50:50 had the highest plant height. To facilitate the scaling up of these fertility options, future research and development needs to address recommended application rates, impacts and the method by which crops can be intensively farmed to provide a natural progression out of poverty. Sustaining the findings of this research will enhance good soil management quality, increase farmers productivity as well as improves farmer’s standard of living.

Evaluation of Postharvest Handling of pepper Fruits (Capsicum frutescens)by Marketers in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria.

2015-09-23T13:54:18Z

Title: Evaluation of Postharvest Handling of pepper Fruits (Capsicum frutescens)by Marketers in Ibadan Metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Authors: ADEWOYIN, OLUYINKA Abstract: ABSTRACT Pepper is consumed all year round but the production is seasonal coupled with poor postharvest handling methods. The study examined the current post harvest handling methods of pepper fruit (Capsicum frutescence) and constrains faced by handlers. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the respondents. Five markets were purposively selective in Ibadan, Oyo State. Namely Sasa, Bodija, Erunmu, Station and Odo-Ori where 20 respondents each were randomly selected making total sample size of 100 respondents. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the respondents. The questionnaire elicited responses on the respondents’ socio-economic characteristics, techniques of handling pepper fruit in transit and its preservation. The data was analysed with frequency distribution. The result indicated that majority (56%) of the marketers were males while 67% were married and 81% had formal education. The majority (69%) were within the age range of 31-50 years. The house hold size of majority (84%) of the respondent was between 6-11 persons. Most pepper handlers engaged in only pepper sales without any other profession. Most (64%) of the Pepper marketers buys fresh pepper fruits due to inadequate storage facility. Seventy-four percent of the handlers obtained pepper fruit from wholesaler and most handlers (65%) packaged fruits in second hand rice grain bags while thirty-five percent packaged in baskets. The finding also showed that Sixty-nine percent of respondents preserved leftovers sales by spreading on cemented floor. The sign of mouldiness, off flavour and maggot were the most noticeable sign of deterioration observed after 3-5 days. Pepper fruits were transported roughly on commuters’ buses, usually loaded tightly and transported on bad roads. All these inappropriate treatments promoted deterioration and shorten the shelf life of pepper fruit. High transportation cost, absence of training of personnel involved in loading and unloading, bad roads were observed to be major constraints to pepper fruit handlers. Therefore it is recommended that pepper fruits should be transported using appropriate packaging materials such as harvesting cardboard which will facilitate adequate ventilation, avoid compression of fruits and proper stacking, ease of loading and unloading, prevention of cuts and bruises.

EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF PEPPER (Capsicum frutescens L.) FRUITS

2015-09-23T12:25:23Z

Title: EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF PEPPER (Capsicum frutescens L.) FRUITS Authors: ADEWOYIN, OLUYINKA; BENEDICTA Abstract: ADEWOYIN O.B., FAGBAYIDE S.D AND OLUWAFEMI M.O. ABSTRACT Research was conducted at Federal College of Agriculture, Akure between March to August 2010 and 2011 to evaluate the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of pepper fruits. Pepper fruit (Capsicum frutescens) Long Cayenne was procured at the seed section of department of Agronomy University of Ibadan and raised for six weeks in the green house before transplanting to the field at a spacing of 70 cm x 50 cm inter and intra row spacing respectively. The treatment imposed were poultry manure at 5 ton/ha, organomineral fertilizers at 3.0 tons/ha, liquid fertilizer at 1,400 litres/ha and the control. The treatments were laid out in a randomised complete block design replicated four times. Growth and yield indices such as plant height stem girth, fruit yield, number of fruits, number of leaves and number of branches was investigated. Results showed that there were significant increase (P>0.05) in the growth and yield parameters. Organomineral fertilizer gave the highest response, followed by Boost extra, Poultry manure and Control had the least in terms of improved growth and yield of Capsicum frutescens. For the Organomineral the number of leaves, plant height, stem girth and fruit yield ranged from 139 - 313, 22.28 – 56.70 cm, 2.25 –4.5cm2, 6.0-1.8, and 3.08 t ha-1 respectively while for the control 87 – 192, 20.35 – 49.80cm, 1.63 – 4.30cm2 , 3..0 – 14.0 and 1.01 t ha-1. The percentage increased in yield and growth parameters of Organomineral fertilizer compared to Control treatment are as follows: 38.7%, 12.2%, 14.0%, 22.2% and 16.9% respectively. Hence, the use of Organomineral Fertilizer to improve yield of pepper considerably cannot be over emphasized.

EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY ON OKRA FRUITS

2016-02-02T10:58:21Z

Title: EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY ON OKRA FRUITS Authors: ADEWOYIN, OLUYINKA; BENEDICTA Abstract: EFFECTS OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON POSTHARVEST QUALITY OKRA FRUITS ADEWOYIN O.B. Department of Horticulture, Federal College of Agriculture, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria ABSTRACT In Nigeria farmers apply fertilizers arbitrarily without considering the resultant effect on soil and the postharvest quality of crops. This study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of NPK fertilizer 20:10:10 on the postharvest quality of okra fruit (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moen). Okra seeds NHE-47 were sown in the field at the National Institute of Horticultural Research (NIHORT), Idi-Ishin, Ibadan, Nigeria at a spacing of 50 cm x 25 cm. The fertilizer NPK 20-10-10 at these levels 0 kg/ha, 300 kg/ha, 450 kg/ha and 600 kg/ha were applied in two splits. The growth parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, dry and fresh weight of leaf, stem and roots. The experimental design for the field experiment was complete randomized block design replicated three times. Harvested okra fruits were subjected to two storage conditions; cold storage (refrigerator) at 40C and ambient condition at 27.80C for 21 days. Postharvest parameters measured were firmness, disease incidence, weight loss, Vitamins A and C, protein and fat contents. The experimental design was randomised complete block design replicated three times. Data generated were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and means were separated using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at p ≤ 0.05. The application rate of 450kg/ha gave the best response in growth and yield. The trend in yield can be ranked as follows 450 kg/ha > 300 kg/ha > 600 kg/ha > 0 kg/ha. It was observed that the varying levels of NPK fertilizer had no significant difference on the firmness and disease incidence of okra fruit. There were significant differences in the weight loss of okra fruit. Increase in levels of fertilizer rate had increase in weight loss, following this trend 600 kg/ha > 450 kg/ha > 300 kg/ha > 0 kg/ha. Fertilizer application rate had no significant effect on vitamin C, vitamin A, fat and protein content of okra fruit. The fertilizer application rate of 300kg/ha had Vitamin. C content was 207.0mg/kg, fat 1.56%, protein content of 21.3% and Vitamin. A was 288.6 mg/kg. At 450kg/ha, the Vitamin C content was 229.8mg/kg, Vitamin A content was 89.9mg/kg, and fat and protein content were 24.9% and 1.9% respectively. Cold storage at 4 0C gave a better fruit firmness, less weight loss, reduced disease incidence and less degradation of Vitamin A and C, fat and protein content compared to fruits stored at the ambient temperature of 27.80C. Fertilizer application rate of 450kg/ha NPK 20:10:10 gave the best growth yield performance while varying fertilizer levels had no significant difference on firmness and disease incidence of okra fruit. Increase in fertilizer rate increases fruit weight loss.

EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF POULTRY MANURE ON YIELD AND POSTHARVEST QUALITYOF Celosia argentia

2015-09-23T13:49:39Z

Title: EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF POULTRY MANURE ON YIELD AND POSTHARVEST QUALITYOF Celosia argentia Authors: ADEWOYIN, OLUYINKA Abstract: Effects of Different Levels of Poultry Manure on Yield and Post Harvest Quality of Celosia Agentea LA Babatola, OB Adewoyin Abstract A field experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan to asses the effect of four levels of poultry manure viz 0, 10, 30, 50 t/ha on yield and post harvest quality of celosia agentea cv. ‘TLV8’. The growth and yield parameters measured were plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, fresh weight and total yield. The post harvest quality was measured under three storage condition i.e. Ambient (25-270C) RH (70-75%), Evaporative coolant structure (20-220C), RH (90-95%) and Refrigerator (4-120C), RH (80-85%). The parameters assessed were freshness, colour change, weight loss and leaf detachment. The results obtained showed that 30t/ha of poultry manure significantly (p < 0.05) increased all the growth and yield parameters measured. This was followed by 50t/ha and then 10t/ha. The post harvest quality of celosia was significantly higher for fruit stored under the refrigerator, which kept well for 12 days, this was followed by ECS which stored for 6 days and 2 days under the ambient respectively. The different level of poultry manure had no significant effects on the post harvest quality of celosia assessed.

Rice Yield and Yield Components as Influenced by Phosphorus and Nitrogen Application Rates in the Moist Savanna of West Africa

2015-09-22T13:58:20Z

Title: Rice Yield and Yield Components as Influenced by Phosphorus and Nitrogen Application Rates in the Moist Savanna of West Africa Authors: Okonji, Christopher Abstract: A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg N ha-1) and phosphorus (0, 30, and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) application on grain yield and yield components of five New Rice for Africa (NERICA) cultivars, their parents, and a check on a degraded soil in the moist savanna of Nigeria. Nerica 14 recorded the highest grain yield of 1.3 mg ha-1compared to the other NERICA cultivars. It also produced significantly (P < 0.05) longer panicles (19.24 cm), higher sink capacity as determined by thousand-kernel weight (30.3 g), and a higher potential for partitioning photosynthates (45.15%) into grains than the other cultivars. N × P interaction effect on grain yield was significant (P < 0.05) with moderate P (60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and moderate N (60 kg N ha-1) resulting in optimum grain yield (1.7 mg ha-1). Thus, moderate N and P were recommended for the production of NERICA varieties in low-input smallholder upland rice production systems of the moist savanna of Nigeria.

Classification of genetic diversity and choice of parent for hybridization in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walpfor humid savanna ecology

2015-09-22T13:49:32Z

Title: Classification of genetic diversity and choice of parent for hybridization in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walpfor humid savanna ecology Authors: Adewale, Daniel Babasola Abstract: Thirty-one accessions of cowpea of diverse eco-geographic origins were evaluated for genetic diversity using principal component analysis (PCA), single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA) and canonical techniques. The accessions were classified into six groups by PCA and SLCA while canonical technique identified five vector groups. There was no relationship between the clustering pattern and eco-geographic distribution. PCA and canonical techniques can be jointly used in multivariate analysis as both techniques performed complimentary role in identifying characters responsible for variation in cowpea. SLCA alone provided a clearer and more informative display of the group of accessions based on character performance. The three techniques revealed most distant accessions as having widest variation and possible choice of parent stocks in hybridization. Description: Characterization and diversity

Assessment of selection techniques in Genotype x Environment Interaction in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.

2015-09-22T13:28:25Z

Title: Assessment of selection techniques in Genotype x Environment Interaction in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Authors: Adewale, Daniel Babasola Abstract: Ten genotypes of cowpea were grown in four environments comprising the early and late seasons of Ogbomoso and Abeokuta locations in 2005 and 2006. Joint linear regression analysis indicated the presence of Genotype x Environment interaction even though, a proportion was non-linear. The differences in the values of the regression coefficient and the correlation of grain yield revealed that the genotypes responded differently to the environments and that regression coefficient as a technique could not be used to identify genotype performance in specific locations. The use of Deviation mean square and Ecovalence mean square techniques produced similar results on the consistency of genotypes performance hence, Deviation mean square and Ecovalence mean square may not be simultaneously used. However, regression coefficient, Si3, Pi, and Modified rank sum techniques can be jointly used to select genotypes based on their yielding ability and response to environmental changes. Description: Assessment of selection techniques in Genotype x Environment Interaction in cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.